Week 13

Report Writing of Methodology (Chapter 3)

For the 13th Week, student activities continue with the report writing of Methodology (Chapter 3). In 9th week, Dr. Zarina brief on how to write a report based on this chapter. In this chapter, methodology will discuss more on how the project will operate and what are the component and equipment needed in completing the project. Block diagram is a form to shows how will this project works. The method and process to integrate the component will be discussed in the process discussion. Furthermore, a flowchart is the process on how this project will help farmers to manage their cultivated land using smart devices to access their data based. Other than that, a circuit diagram is constructed and will shows the initial results obtain when testing the sensor used for farmers on how to manage and monitor his/her paddy field.

• Block Diagram of Project

The figure above shows the block diagram on how the project will work by utilizing these LoRa Technology operate and seen by user equipment. I have divided the paddy field in three situations, where in each field has eNodes which attach all the sensor used. So, by implementing the LoRa Technology, this LoRaWAN data will be transmitted to the LoRa Gateway. From the LoRa Gateway it will be transmitted to the Network with the transmission of 4G/Wi-Fi. When LoRaWAN is transmitted to the network, then in the network, it will forward this data to Broker which are the central in TTN (The Things Network) Cloud. The Broker will then interpret the LoRaWAN data so that it can be read in the cloud. So, it basically changes the LoRaWAN language to IP network language. Broker is very much similar to how transducer works. Then, from here, user could access the cloud easily and it will show the dashboard of the database on their agriculture farm.

• Flowchart of Project

Next, above figure shows the flow on how this project shall works. It will be in a looping situation as it is never ending data base collector.  As for the ultrasonic sensor,  as an indicator I used LED to show the notify that user will received. So when the water level detect from 0-15 meter, the green LED will light up. Showing that the water level are in good situation. Once the water level is in the range of 15-30 m then Yellow LED will light up with low buzzer sound, showing that farmers need to alert on the water level. Then, once the water level is above 30m, Red LED will light up with high buzzer sound to notify the farmers that the water level is in critical situation.

•  Circuit Diagram

From figure above, it shows the circuit diagram on parts of the project. This are the circuit diagram that I have made. More implementation are needed in completing this project. However, these are the outcome on part of this project. In this circuit diagram, the utilization of LED is as a visible indicator for the farmers to see visually. The buzzer is to act as another indicator as farmer could differentiate the alert notification sound and critical situation notification sound.

• Hardware Component

   

LoRa Devices

Arduino UNO

                 

                           Turbidity (Water Quality) Sensor                Ultrasonic Sensor

                              

                                    pH soil Sensor                                     DHT 11 Sensor

 

Figure shows the hardware uses in this project. The LoRa devices itself are utilized, which is known as the LoRa Gateway. Next, to control the sensors in the field which could cooperate with the LoRa technology, the controller Arduino UNO are implement along with four other sensors which are the turbidity sensor, ultrasonic sensor, pH soil sensor and DHT 11 sensor.